Federal Funding Streams

Early Childhood Integrated Financing Toolkit

State Funding Stream

Local Funding Sources


 

Federal Early Childhood Funding Streams At-a-Glance

 

Funding Stream
Purpose
Federal Agency
Flow of Funds
Funding to VA
Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP)
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CACFP supports provision of nutritious foods to promote healthy development in young children (and wellness of older adults and chronically impaired persons with disabilities).  CACFP participation includes training, resources and reimbursements for child care providers for meals served.
U.S. Department of Agriculture
CACFP funds flow to the VA Department of Health (VDH).
VDH reimburses child care programs and sponsoring organizations that administer CACFP supports and reimbursements to child care providers.
$29,247,222 in reimbursements (FY19)
Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF)
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CCDF was designed to help low-income families (in work or education/training) pay for
child care.
The 2014 bipartisan reauthorization expanded its purpose to improve child care and development of participating children.
While CCDF funds are often talked about as subsidy for low-income working families, CCDF  funds are also used for quality improvement.
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Virginia Department of Social Services
Federal Funds for VA: $161.7m
Required State Match: $63.7m
(FY18)
Early Head Start / Head Start (EHS/HS)
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These programs are designed to promote positive early childhood development and school readiness for children living in poverty in partnership with their families.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Local grantees for 5-year periods
VA is managed by the OHS in the Philadelphia Regional Office.
$137.3 million (FY18)1 
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Part B
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IDEA guarantees a free appropriate public education to eligible children with disabilities and ensures special education and related services to qualifying children.
U.S. Department of Education
VA Department of Education
*$6,733,263
(Part B, Section 619) (FY19)
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Part C
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IDEA Part C has a broader role to assist state agencies in implementing systems and making early intervention services available to children with disabilities (and their families) from birth through age 2.
U.S. Department of Education
VA Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services
**$11,232,353
(Federal Part C funds) (FY18)
$18,642,543
(State Part C funds) (FY18)
Title I of the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
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The purpose of ESSA Title I is to provide all children significant opportunity to receive a fair, equitable, and high-quality education, and to close educational achievement gaps. State Title I plans submitted to the U.S. Department of Education must address early childhood. Local Education Agencies (LEAs) may use Title I funds to pay for services to improve health and development of children under school age.
U.S. Department of Education
ESSA Title I funding flows to Local Education Agencies (LEA) serving low-income children via State Education Agencies (SEAs).
If the school population includes 40% or greater low-income children, then it may provide school-wide services with Title I funds.
$279,184,039 (anticipated for FY19)
1 https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/about-us/article/head-start-program-facts-fiscal-year-2018
* Please note that in addition to Part B 619 funds, Part B Section 611 funds for K-12 may also be used to support services for children prior to K-12 entry. In FY19, Virginia received
$263,163,370 in federal funds for Part B Section 646 services.
** Please note that additional state, federal, local, and private funds along with parent fees contributed to a total of $73,505,965 supporting Part C services in Virginia in FY18.